Full Chapter Notes
Short Question & Numerical
MCQ’s
Physical Optics, Class 11th Physics Chapter 9, wave nature of light ko explain karta hai. Is chapter mein diffraction, interference, aur polarization jaise phenomena ko samjhaya jata hai, jo sirf light ki wave nature ki wajah se hote hain.
Diffraction tab hoti hai jab light kisi obstacle ya slit ke ird gird se guzar kar apni direction change karti hai. Interference do ya zyada light waves ke combine hone se hoti hai, jahan waves apni amplitudes ko ya to add karti hain (constructive interference) ya cancel karti hain (destructive interference).
Polarization light ke waves ko ek specific plane mein restrict karne ka process hai. Yeh sab phenomena wave theory of light ko support kartay hain aur yeh chapter in key aspects ko explain karta hai.
Physical Optics mein Huygens’ Principle ka bhi zikar hota hai, jo wavefronts ki formation ko explain karta hai. Is theory ke mutabiq, har point on a wavefront acts as a source of secondary wavelets. Ye wavelets combine hote hain aur new wavefront banate hain. Interference ke experiments, jaise Young’s Double-Slit Experiment, ne light ke wave nature ko confirm kiya. Chapter mein diffraction grating aur iski application ka bhi zikr hota hai, jo light ko spectrum mein divide karta hai. Physical Optics ka study different optical instruments samajhnay mein bhi helpful hota hai, jaise microscopes aur telescopes.