MCQ’s
Notes with Exercise
Class 11th Biology Chapter 3 focuses on Enzymes, which are vital biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms. Here are the key topics typically covered in this chapter:
- Definition of Enzymes: Explanation of enzymes as proteins that facilitate biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for those reactions to occur.
- Structure of Enzymes: Discussion on the three-dimensional structure of enzymes, including the active site where substrates bind. This section may also cover the significance of the enzyme’s shape in its function.
- Enzyme Classification: Overview of different types of enzymes based on their functions, including:
- Hydrolases: Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis reactions.
- Oxidoreductases: Enzymes involved in oxidation-reduction reactions.
- Transferases: Enzymes that transfer functional groups from one molecule to another.
- Ligases: Enzymes that join two molecules together.
- Enzyme Activity: Explanation of factors affecting enzyme activity, such as temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration. This section may include the concept of enzyme kinetics and the Michaelis-Menten equation.
- Enzyme Inhibition: Description of how enzyme activity can be inhibited by various substances. This includes competitive and non-competitive inhibition, as well as the role of inhibitors in regulating metabolic pathways.
- Enzymes in Metabolism: Discussion on the role of enzymes in metabolic pathways, including anabolic and catabolic reactions. Emphasis on how enzymes facilitate critical biological processes like digestion, respiration, and synthesis of biomolecules.
- Industrial and Medical Applications: Overview of how enzymes are used in various industries (e.g., food, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology) and their significance in medical diagnostics and treatments.
This chapter is essential for understanding the biochemical processes that underpin life and the crucial role enzymes play in facilitating those processes.